Bigeyes

Life of Sea | Bigeyes | Priacanthidae, bigeyes, is a family of 18 species of marine fish. "Catalufa" is the common name for some members of the family alternative Priacanthidae. The etymology of the scientific name ("prioo-", bite + "akantha", thorn) refers to a very rough, spiny scales families.

The common name of "bigeye" refers to an unusually large eye member of a species', suitable for the lifestyle and nocturnal carnivores them. Priacanthidae usually bright red, but some have a pattern in silver, dark, brown or black. Most species reach a maximum total length of about 30 cm (12 in), although in some species more than 50 cm long (20 in) is known.

Some members of this family is a native of tropical and subtropical regions of the Indian and Pacific Oceans, but there are also four species (Cookeolus japonicus, Heteropriacanthus cruentatus, Priacanthus arenatus and Pristigenys alta) in the Atlantic. They tend to stay near the rocks or coral rock, although little is known to inhabit the open waters.

Many species are found in relatively deep waters, below the depth reached in normal scuba diving. Some species of fish as a food fish. Priacanthidae identified early fossils date to the middle Eocene epoch lower Tertiary period, or about 40 to 50 million years ago.

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Billfish

Life of Sea | Billfish  | Billfish term refers to a group of predatory fish characterized by a prominent bill, or rostrums, and the large size (some more than four meters (13 feet)). Billfish including sailfish and marlin, which formed Istiophoridae family, and swordfish, the only member of the family Xiphiidae. They are apex predators that eat a variety of smaller fish, crustaceans, and squid.

Billfish are pelagic and migratory. They are found in all oceans, although they usually inhabit tropical and subtropical waters, swordfish are found in temperate waters as well. Billfish use long spears or upper jaw or beak swordlike to slash and stun prey during feeding. Bills they can also be used to spear prey, and have been known to ship spear (perhaps intentionally), but they usually are not used in that way. They are highly valued as a gamefish by sport fishermen.

The term refers to fish of the billfish family and Istiophoridae Xiphiidae. Big fish are "marked by the extension of the upper jaw, lower jaw further into the flat and long rostrum swordlike (swordfish) or round and spearlike (sailfishes, spearfishes and marlins).There are 12 species of billfishes right, are divided into two families and five genera. One family, Xiphiidae, contains only one species, the swordfish Xiphias gladius, and other families, Istiophoridae contains 11 species in four genera, including marlin, sailfish and spearfish. 

There is controversy over whether the Indo-Pacific blue marlin, Makaira mazara, is the same species as the Atlantic blue marlin, Makaira nigricans. The following FishBase Nakamura (1985) in recognizing Makaira mazara as a distinct species, "primarily because of differences in the pattern of the lateral line system

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Discus Fish

Life of Sea | Discus Fish  | Discus (Symphysodon spp.) Is a genus of three species of cichlid freshwater fishes native Amazon River basin. Discus are popular as aquarium fish and their aquaculture in several countries in Asia is a major industry. They are sometimes referred to as the "pompadour Symphysodon species of fish inhabit the margins of lakes and flood plains of the Amazon Basin rivers in lowland Amazonia, where it is part of the highly diverse Neotropical fish fauna.

Three species of Symphysodon have different geographic distributions. S. aequifasciatus occurs in the Rio Solimões, Rio Amazonas and the Río Putumayo-Ica in Brazil, Colombia and Peru. Conversely distribution S. discussion seems limited to the downstream Abacaxis, Rio Negro and Trombetas river. S. tarzoo upstream of Manaus in the Amazon occurred west

Discus fish of the genus Symphysodon, which currently includes three species: common discus (Symphysodon aequifasciatus), Heckel discus (Symphysodon discus), and Symphysodon tarzoo. However, further investigation published in August 2007 showed that the genus held the three species: S. aequifasciatus (the green discus), S. haraldi (discus blue / brown / common), and S. discus (Heckel discus).

Other species  has been proposed, but data morphometric (unlike in Pterophyllum, the freshwater angelfish) varied as between individuals of the same location as in the whole range of all species of discus fish. S. tarzoo described in 1959 and applies to the western population of red-spotted. S. aequifasciatus and S. disc, meanwhile, seems to frequently hybridize in the wild or have drifted this, because they do not have the sorting of mitochondrial DNA ancestry but differ in color patterns and have different patterns of chromosomal translocations. S. discus occurs mainly in the Rio Negro. Is S. haraldi is different from S. aequifasciatus remains to be determined, if valid was spacious but it just might be a color morph.

Like cichlids of the genus Pterophyllum, all Symphysodon species have a laterally compressed body shape. In contrast to Pterophyllum, however, extended finnage Symphysodon not give a more rounded shape. It is this body shape from which their common name, "discussion", originated. Side of the fish are often patterned in shades of green, red, brown, and blue. Height and length of adult fish are both about 20-25 cm (8-10 in)

Another characteristic of Symphysodon species is care for the larvae. As for most cichlids, maternal care is highly developed with both parents care for the children. Additionally, adult discus produce a secretion through their skin, which are of larvae during their first few days. This behavior has also been observed for the species Uaru. However, when raised in captivity the larvae will tend to live off their parents secretion up to 2 weeks

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Cichlids Fish

Life of Sea | Cichlids Fish  | Cichlids fish from the family Cichlidae in the order Perciformes. Cichlids are members of a group known as Labroidei, along with the wrasses (Labridae), fish damselfish (Pomacentridae), and surfperches (Embiotocidae). This family is both large and diverse. At least 1,650 species have been scientifically described, making it one of the largest vertebrate families. New species discovered every year, and many species remain undescribed. Therefore the actual number of species is unknown, with estimates varying between 2,000 and 3,000. Cichlids are freshwater fish one of the most popular kept in home aquariums.

Cichlids span a range of body sizes, from species as small as 2.5 cm (0.98 in) in length (eg, female Neolamprologus multifasciatus) for the larger species approaching 1 meter (3.3 feet) in length (eg Boulengerochromis and Cichla). As a group, cichlids exhibit a similar diversity of body shapes, ranging from strongly laterally compressed species (such Altolamprologus.

Pterophyllum, and Symphysodon) to species that are cylindrical and highly elongate (such Julidochromis Cyprichromis leptosoma, Teleogramma, Teleocichla, Crenicichla, and Gobiocichla). Generally, however, cichlids tend to be of medium size, ovate in shape and slightly laterally compressed, and generally similar to the North American sunfishes in morphology, behavior, and ecology.

Many cichlids, particularly tilapia, are important food fishes, while others are valued game fish (eg Cichla species). The family also includes many familiar aquarium fish, including the angelfish, Oscar, and discussion. Cichlids have the largest number of endangered species among vertebrate families, most in the haplochromine group. 

Cichlids are well known for having evolved rapidly into a large number of species that are closely related but morphologically diverse in large lakes, particularly Tanganyika, Victoria, Malawi, and Edward. Their diversity in the African Great Lakes is important for the study of speciation in evolution. Many cichlids that have been introduced into waters outside of their natural range have become nuisance, such as tilapia in the southern United States.

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Oarfish

Life of Sea | | 
Army and Weapons | Oarfish | Oarfish is large, very elongated, pelagic fish Lampriform consists Regalecidae small family. Are to be found in all tropical oceans yet rarely seen, oarfish family contains four species in two genera. One of them, the king of herrings (Regalecus glesne), is the longest bony fish alive, up to 17 meters (56 feet) long.

Common name refers to one of oarfish thought they were very solid body and elongated, or former beliefs (but now discredited) that the fish "row" themselves through the water with their pelvic fins. Regalecidae surname derived from the Latin regalis, meaning "royal". The occasional beachings oarfish after storms, and their habit of lingering at the surface when sick or dying, make oarfish a probable source of many sea serpent stories.

Although the larger species are considered game fish and are (to a small extent) fished commercially, oarfish are rarely caught alive, their flesh is not respected because of its gelatinous consistency. Rare meeting with divers and accidental catches have supplied what little is known of oarfish behavior and ecology. Apparently solitary animals, oarfish may frequent significant depths up to 1,000 meters (3,300 feet). An oarfish measuring 3.3 meters (11 ft 4 in) and 63.5 kg (140 lb) were reported to have been arrested on February 17, 2003 by Ms Val Fletcher using bait fishing with squid, at Skinningrove, United Kingdom.

A photograph on display in bars, restaurants, hotels and markets throughout Laos and Thailand were captioned, "Queen of Nagas seized by American Army at Mekhong River, Laos Military Base on June 27, 1973 with a length of 7.80 meters," is a hoax . This photo was taken by Dr. Leo Smith of The Field Museum, of oarfish found in late 1996 by U.S. Navy SEAL trainees on the coast of Coronado, California, United States

The oceanodromous Regalecus glesne recorded as spawning off Mexico from July to December, all species are suspected non-guarders and release brightly colored, floating eggs, up to 6 millimeters (0.24 inches), which is incorporated into the zooplankton. The eggs hatch after about three weeks of being very active larvae, which eat other zooplankton. 

Larvae had little in common with adults, with a long dorsal fin and pelvic and extensible mouth. Larval and juvenile has been observed hovering just below the surface. In contrast, adult oarfish are rarely seen at the surface when sick or injured.

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